The Anti-Humanity Israeli Massacres In 50 Years
Talking about peace and stability by the Israeli politicians conceals many
intentions that are enough to blot the whole Israeli political history and its
establishment. It is a continuous history of brutality, and oppression against the Arabs,
and applying the logic of force and usurpation in lieu of dialogue and understanding.
Within fifty years, Israel killed hundreds of thousands of Arabs, displaced millions of
Palestinians, Syrians, Lebanese and Egyptians. Ever since its Prime Minister, Ben Gorion,
came to office in 1948, Israel has been choosing the most deadly strategic ruses to
realize the Zionist objectives and implement its expansionist plans in Palestine.
Massacres organized by the Zionist gangs and Israeli army are committed against the
Palestinian villagers in order to force them out of their homeland. The clearest clue on
this is the famous Ben Gorion statement, “The status in Palestine will be settled by military force”.
After the rise of the Jweish population in Palestine, Zionist activity in the country
began to tend more toward violence. Following the Arab-Jew confrontation in 1921, a secret
Jewish army called the Haganah (Defence) had been formed. Over years the Haganah became
more and more aggressive. It also received some legal recognition when the British
administration formed a Jewish settlement police drawn exclusively from Haganah and placed
nominally under British command.
In 1937, a more clandestine Jewish militia representing the extreme revisionist party
within the world Zionist organization had been formed. The Irgun Zvai Leumi (National
Military Organization) which cooperated with the Haganah.
The following are just a few examples of some massacres committed by Israel:
A secret Jewish army called Haganah (Defense), intruded on 15 July 1947 a citrus farm owned by the Palestinian Rasheed Aboul Laban, situated between Jafa and Btah-takfa, implanted explosives and assassinated 11 Arabs, among them a woman and her three daughters.
The Israeli Forces attacked on 19 September 1947 Haifa Market and exploded the Palestinian, Ahmad Diab Aljalani’s shop.
Terrorists, from the Irgus Gang Force, in British military uniforms, intruded on 12 December 1947 Al-Teereh Town in Haifa Province on the Palestinian Coast, killed 12 Arabs and wounded 5 others.
A day after the massacre, Irgus Gang bombed Arab communities at Bab Al-Amoud in Jerusalem killing 4 civilian Arabs and wounding 15 others.
On the same date, the terrorist Zionist Argon Gang attacked an Arab café in King George Street, Jafa, and killed 6 Arabs. (We must point out that Argon Gang was developed later to Heirout Party then to Lickud Party, and that Netanyahu belongs to this terrorist deep-rooted history).
In Palestinian cities, the intrigued Zionist massacres took the lives of 21 Arab civilian martyrs on 13 December 1947.
During the British mandate, the terrorist gangs committed 12 massacres against unarmed civilian Arabs, whereas the Israeli forces committed 13 massacres against unarmed civilian Arabs after Israel foundation.
By May 13, the Zionist forces had secured full control of important positions in the areas allotted to the Arabs. The Irgun stormed and captured the village of Dier Yasin and massacred much of the population terrorizing the Arab villages, who were forced into a mass exodus from Palestine.
The Zionist gangs carried on their massacres from January to May 1948, destroyed houses and exercised pressure against Palestinians all over the Palestinian villages and towns. Attacks and encompassment were made from three sides and the fourth one was left open as a sole exit for Palestinians to escape the Israeli massacres. All this was to serve the Zionism’s objective of expelling Palestinians from their homeland and exercising the ethnic cleansing policy.
The Zionist massacres resulted in compulsory displacing of nearly half of the Palestinian inhabitants during 1948-1949; 34% due to direct expelling and massacres; 55% were forced to immigrate from the Palestinian villages; 400 villages were completely destroyed; the Arab immigration under Zionist direct military pressure covered 89% of the Palestinian displaced people.
The Irgun Gang assassinated on 18 September 1948 the International Intermediator, Count Bernadott, the UN Envoy, because he declared Israel responsible for the Refugees Question and asserted that any settlement would not succeed unless they were repatriated. Britain then accused Ytzhak Shamir of participating in such operation and issued an arrest warrant against him. Not to mention here that Netanyahu has received the Lickud leadership from Shamir’s blood-stained hand and that he does not feel shame of his bragging of combating terrorism, such as the burglar who speaks of applying the law and combating theft.
The military attacks and massacres committed on the Palestinians in Deir Yassin, Kibya, Oum Al-Fahm and Balad Ash-Sheikh, were organized military operations aiming at mass expelling of the Palestinians. In spite of imposing the Israeli Identity Card on those who remained in their homeland in 1948, they are not treated as equal Israelis, but as oppressed citizens of the tenth rank.
List of Palestinian Localities Destroyed after The Creation Of The State of Israel (1948)
by Christoph Uehlinger
Publ. by Association for the Reconstruction of Emwas
Rue du Centre 74, Ch-1025 St-Sulpice, Switzerland
The aim of the list presented here is to give an overview on Palestinian localities which were destroyed during or after the Israeli-Arab war of 1948. The information contained in the list has been brought together by a systematic study of various graphic documents or published writings, i.e. official topographical maps prepared by the British Mandatory Government of Palestine and by the Government of the State of Israel as well as three lists of destroyed Palestinian villages, one complied by the Palestinian geographer Kamal Abudlfattah of Bir Zeit University, another compiled by the Palestinian historian and geographer Aref El-Aref and published by the Israeli scholar Israel Shahak, a third one published by Walid Mustafa, the former head of the Geography Department of an-Najah University (Nablus).
Such a documentary approach offers considerable advantages: First, the study of official graphical maps allow a rather detached look on the object of our enquiry, i.e. on a certain number of Palestinian localities attested to before 1948 which are later mentioned as 'destroyed', which change their names or which disappear completely from the map. Moreover, the fact that these maps are official documents confer a certain objectivity to our list. At last, indicating all documents used as well as precise topographical coordinates for each site mentioned allow for an easy verification of any data contained in the present list.
However desirable, it has not been possible for us to make an enquiry concerning these data on the very spot. Moreover, it is necessary to underline one most important limitation to this list: Topographical maps never mention neither reasons nor circumstances of the destruction and/or desertion of a house or a village. Our list thus cannot render even a fraction of the human suffering on both sides (remember, among others, the destruction of the Jewish quarter in the Old city of Jerusalem) which marked the events that finally led to the desertion and destruction of hundreds of Palestinian localities.
In order to denote the sites of destroyed settlements, we have consciously avoided the word 'villages' which could arise confusion. The present list makes reference to towns as well as to villages or even hamlets. However, indicating the number of inhabitants in 1945 (given in parenthesis after each toponym) may give an approximate idea about the relative importance of these localities (source: Statistical Abstract 1945, British Mandatory Government of Palestine, cited after Shukri Arraf, Al-qarya al-arabiya al-falastiniya ["The Palestinian Arab Village"], Jerusalem [Arab Studies Society] 1985, pp.163-279). We want to draw attention to the fact that the present list does not mention all the Palestinian towns (as, e.g., Safed/Zefat, Tiberias, Haifa, etc.) some of which have not been destroyed but are today inhabited almost exclusively by an Israeli population.
The official topographical maps issued by the State of Israel in the 1950s (1:100'000), inherited from the period of the British mandatory government but overprinted in Hebrew, mention almost 300 destroyed Palestinian localities. Each Palestinian locality having been in a state of destruction and abandonment at that time is marked on these maps by the Hebrew overprint HAROUSS which means 'destroyed, demolished'. These maps alone establish thus with absolute certainty the destruction of a great number of Palestinian localities. They present the most important evidence for our list.
(...)
In our list, the first column gives the names of destroyed Palestinian localities, with the number of inhabitants in 1945 mentioned in parentheses (x= no information available). The second column gives precise topological coordinates referring to the Palestine/Israel Grid (established by the Survey of Palestine [British Mandatory Government] and taken over by the official maps of the State of Israel).
The third column indicates the sources which attest to the destruction of a given locality (official topographical maps, earlier published lists). The fourth column mentions the Israeli settlement existing today in the immediate vicinity of a given destroyed Palestinian locality, and which has, more often than not, inherited (sic) the land of the latter. With regard to the last point, the list is however not exhaustive. As a complementary information, we have mentioned whenever these Israeli settlements were founded after the 1948 war. Please draw our attention to any possible error which could be contained in the present list.
Christoph Uehlinger
Fribourg, Switzerland, March 1989
NOTE:
In the following list posted to the World Wide Web, the third and fourth columns of the published list have been omitted. Those interested in these details can obtain the published list from the Association for the Reconstruction of Emwas (see address above).
District of al-Quds (Jerusalem): 37 localities
Al-Jura (420) - [Ora]
Al-Maliha (1940) - [Manahat]
Al-Qabu (260)
Al-Qastal (90)
Al-Walaja (1650) - [Amminadav]
Allar (x)
Aqqur (40)
Artuf (350) - [Naham/Har Tuv]
Beit Itab (540)
Beit Mahsir (2400) - [Beit Me'ir]
Beit Naqquba (240) - [Beit Neqofa]
Beit Thul (260)
Beit Umm al-Meis (70)
Bureij (720)
Deir al-Hawa (60)
Deir ash-Sheikh (220)
Deir Rafat (430)
Deir Yasin (610) - [Kefar Shaul]
Deiraban (2100) - [Mahseya]
Ein Karim (3180) - [Ein Kerem]
Ishwa (620) - [Eshta'ol]
Islin (260)
Jarash (190)
Kasla (280) - [Kesalon]
Khirbet al-Lauz (450)
Khirbet al-Umur (270)
Khirbet Deir Amr (10) - [Etanim]
Khirbet Ismallah (20)
Khirbet Nataf (40)
Lifta (2550) - [Me-Neftoah]
Qaluniya (910)
- [Mevassert Jerushal.]
Ras Abu Ammar (620)
Sar'a (340)
Saris (560) - [Shoresh]
Sataf (450)
Suba (620) - [Zova]
Sufla (60)
District of al-Khalil (Hebron): 15 localities
Ajjur (3730)
Al-Qubeiba (1060) - [Lakhish]
Barqusiya (330)
Beit Jibrin (2430) - [Beit Guvrin]
Beit Nattif (2150) - [Netiv B"L]
Deir ad-Dubban (730)
Deir Nakhkhas (600)
Kidna (450)
Mughallis (540)
Ra'na (190)
Tall as-Safi (1290)
Zakariya (1180) - [Kefar Zekharya]
Zeita (330)
Zikrin (960)
Ad-Dawayima (3710) - [Amazya]
District of Gaza: 45 localities
Al-Faluja (4670)
Al-Jiya (1230) - [Ge'a]
Al-Jura (2420) - [Ashkelon]
Al-Masmiya al-Kabira (2510)
- [Mashmia' Shalom]
Al-Masmiya al-Saghira (530)
- [Kefar Ha-Rif]
Al-Muharraqa (580)
As-Sawafir al-Gharbiya (1030)
- [Merkaz Shapira]
As-Sawafir ash-Shamaliya (680)
As-Sawafir ash-Sharquiya (960)
- [En Zurim]
Barbara (2410) - [Mavqi'im]
Barqa (890) - [Gan Yavne]
Batani al-Gharbi (980) - [Azriqam]
Batani ash-Sharqi (650)
Beit Affa (700) - [Yad Natan]
Beit Daras (2750)
Beit Jirya (940)
Beit Tima (1060)
Bi'lin (180)
Bureir (2740)
Deir Suneid (730)
Dimra (520) - [Erez]
Haj (810)
Hamama (5010) - [Ashqelon-Barnea]
Hatta (970) - [Rewaha]
Hirbiya (2240) - [Karmiya]
Huleiqat (420)
Ibdis (540)
Iraq al-Manshiya (2010)
Iraq Suweidan (660)
Isdud (4630)
Jaladiya (360) - [Zeharya]
Julis (1030) - [Hodiya]
Juseir (1180) - [Menuha]
Karatiya (1370)
Kaufakha (500)
Kaukaba (680) - [Kokhav]
Khirbet al-Khisas (150)
Najd (620)
Ni'iliya (1310)
Qastina (890)
Summeil (950) - [Nahala]
Sumsum (1290)
Tall al-Turmus (760) - [Arugot]
Yasur (1070)
District of Tulkarm: 10 localities
Kafr Saba (1270) - [Kefar Saba]
Kh. al-Jalama (70) - [Lahavot Haviva]
Kh. al-Manshiya (260) -[Giv'at Hayyim]
Khirbet Beit Lid (460) - [Nordiya]
Khirbet Zalafa (210) - [Giv'at Hayyim]
Miska (880)
Qaqun (1970) - [Yikkon]
Tabsar (x) - [Ra'anana]
Kafr Saba (1270) ' [Kefar Sava]
Umm Khalid (970) - [Netanya]
District of Ramleh: 54 localities
A.. Fadl as-Sautariya (x)
- [Talme Menashe]
Abu Shusha (870)
Al-Barriya (510) - [Azarya]
Al-Burj (480)
Al-Haditha (760) - [Hadid]
Al-Kheima (190)
Al-Kuneisiya (40)
Al-Latrun (390)
Al-Mansura (90)
Al-Mughar (1740)
Al-Mukheizin (200) - [Yad Binyamin]
Al-Muzeiri'a - [Mazor]
Al-Qubab (1980) - [Kefar Bin Nun]
Al-Qubeiba (1720) - [Kefar Gebirol]
Al-Tira (1290) - [Bareqet]
Aqir (2480) - [Qiryat Eqron]
At-Tina (750)
Bashshit (1620) - [Aseret]
Beit Jiz (550) - [Har'el]
Beit Nabala (2310) - [Beit Nehemya]
Beit Shanna (210)
Beit Susin (210) - [Ta'oz]
Bir Ma'in (510)
Bir Salim (x) - [Nezer Sereni]
Burfiliya (730)
Daniyal (410) - [Kefar Daniel]
Deir Abu Salama (60)
Deir Aiyub (320)
Deir Muheisin (460)
Deir Tarif (1750) - [Beit Arif]
Idhnibba (490)
Innaba (1420)
Jilya (330)
Jimzu (1510) - [Gimzo]
Jindas (x) - [Ginnaton]
Kharruba (170)
Khirbet adh-Dhuheiriya (100)
Khirbet al-Buweira (190)
Khulda (280) - [Mishmar David]
Majdal Yaba (1520) - [Rosh Ha-Ayin]
N... (1470)
Nabi Rubin (1420)
Qatra (1210) - [Gedera]
Qazaza (940)
Qula (1010)
Sajad (370)
Salbit (510) - [Shal'avim]
Sarafand al-Amar (1950)
Sarafand al-Kharab (1040) - [Nes Ziona]
Seidun (210)
Shahma (280) - [Qidron]
Shilta (100)
Yibna (5420) - [Yavne]
Zarnuqa (2380)
District of Jaffa: 19 localities
Al-Haram (520) - [Reshef]
Al-Kheiriya (1420)
Al-Mirr (170) - [Kefar Ha-Baptistim]
Al-Yahudiya (5650) - [Yehud]
As-Safiriya (3070)
Beit Dajan (3840) - [Beit Dagan]
Biyar Adas (300) - [Ganne Am]
Fajja (1200) - [Petah Tikva]
Jalil (470) - [Gelilot]
Jammasin (1810) - [Tel Aviv]
Kafr Ana (2800) - [Neve Efrayim]
Rantiya (590) - [Nofekh]
Salama (6670) - [Kefar Shalem]
Saqiya (1100) - [Or Yehuda]
Sheikh Muwannis (1930) - [Ramat Aviv]
Yazur (4030) - [Azor]
District of Haifa: 45 localities
? Ein Ghazal (2170) - [Ofer]
Abu Shusha (720) - [Mishmar Ha'Emeq]
Abu Zureiq (550) - [Nahala'ot]
Al-Buteimat (110) - [Regavim]
Al-Kafrin (920)
Al-Khureiba (x)
Al-Mansi (1200) - [Midrakh Oz]
Al-Mazar (210)
Al-Tira (5270)
Al-Waraqani (x) - [Kefar Barukh]
An-Naghnaghiya
Ar-Rihaniya (240) - [Ein Ha-Emeq]
As-Sarafand (290) - [Zerufa]
As-Sindiyana (1250) - [Ammiqam]
Balad ash-Sheikh (1420) - [Tel Hanan]
Bureika (29) - [Zikhron Ya'akov]
Daliyat ar-Ruha (280)
- [Ramot Menashe]
Ein Haud (650) - [En Hod]
Ghubaiya at-Tahta (1130)
- [Mishmar Ha'Emeq]
Ijzim (2970) - [Kerem Maharal]
Jaba (1140)
Jalama (x)
Kafr Lam (340) - [Ha-Bonim]
Khirbet ad-Damun (340)
Khirbet al-Burj (x)
Khirbet al-Majdal (x) - [Sede Yitzhaq]
Khirbet al-Manshiya (260)
Khirbet al-Mansura
Khirbet Qumbaza (x)
Khirbet Umm ad-Daraj (x)
Khubbeiza (290) - [Even Yitzhaq]
Lidd (Al-Awwadim) (640)
Qannir (750)
Qira wa Qamun (410) - [Yoqne'am]
Qisariya (960) - [(Caesarea)]
Sabbarin (1700) - [Ammiqam]
Tantura (1490) - [Dor / Nahsholim]
Umm ash-Sha'uf (480) - [Giv'at Nili]
Umm az-Zinat (1470)
Wadi Ara (230) - [Barqai]
Yajur (610) - [Nesher]
District of Akka (Acre): 25 localities
Ad-Damun (1310)
Al-Bassa (2950) - [Shelomi]
Al-Birwa (1460) - [Ahihud]
Al-Ghabisiya (690)
Al-Kabri (1530) - [Kabri]
Al-Mansura (360)
Amqa (1240) - [Amqa]
An-Nahr (610)
Ar-Ruweis (330)
As-Sumeiriya (760) - [Regba]
At-Tall
Az-Zib (1910) - [Gesher Ha-Ziv]
Deir al-Qasi (1250) - [Elqosh]
Iqrit (490)
Kafr I'nan (360)
Khirbet Ja'atun (x)
Khirbet Samah (360)
Kuweikat (1050) - [Beit Ha-Emeq]
Manshiya (1080)
Mi'ar (770)
Nabi Rubin (1420) - [Even Menachem]
Suhmata (1130) - [Zuri'el]
Suruh (x)
Tarbikha (1000) - [Shomera]
Umm al-Faraj (800) - [Ben Ammi]
District of Nazareth: 4 localities
? Indur (620)
Al-Mujeidil (1900) -[Migdal Ha-Emeq]
Ma'lul (690)
Saffuriya (4330) - [Zippori]
District of Jenin: 6 localities
Al-Lajjun (1103) - [Megiddo]
Al-Mazar (270)
Ein al-Mansi (90)
Khirbet al-Jaufa (x)
Nuris (580) - [Nurit]
Zir'in (1420) - [Yizre'el]
District of Beisan (Beth Shean): 22 localities
Al-Ashrafiya (230) - [Sheluhot]
Al-Bira (260)
Al-Hamidiya (220) - [Hamadya]
Al-Murassas (460)
As-Samiriya (x) - [Sede Terumot]
At-Taqa (x)
At-Tira (150) - [Gazit]
Danna (190)
Farwana (330)
Hakimiya (520)
Jabbul (250)
Kafra (430)
Kaukab al-Hawa (300) - [(Belvoir)]
Khirbet al-Mazar (x)
Khirbet az-Zawiya (x)
Khirbet Umm Sabuna (x)
Khirbet Umm Sarhan (x)
Khirbet Zab'a (1931:143) - [Doshen]
Qumiya (440) - [Ein Harod]
Sirin (810)
Tall ash-Shauk (120) - [Nir David]
Yubla (210)
District of Taburiya (Tiberias): 24 localities
Al-Hadatha (520)
Al-Hamma (290) - [Hammat Gader]
Al-Manara (x) - [Menora Hospital]
Al-Manshiya (1938:362)
Al-Mansura (x)
Al-Ubeidiya (870) - [Beit Zera']
An-Nuqeib (320)
As-Samakiya (380) - [(Cafarnaum)]
As-Samra (290) - [Ha-On]
Ash-Shajara (770) - [Ilaniya]
At-Tabigha (330) - [(Heptapegon)]
Ghuweir Abu Shusha (1240) - [Ginossar]
Hittin (1190) - [Kefar Zeitim]
Kafr Sabt (480) - [Sede Ilan]
Khirbet al-Wa'ra as-Sauda (x)
Lubiya (2350) - [Lavi]
Ma'dhar (480)
Majdal (360)
Nimrin (320)
Samakh (3460) - [Ma'agan]
Ulam (720)
Yaquq (210) - [Huqoq]
District of Safed (Zefat): 76 localities
Abil al-Qamh (330) - [Yuval]
Ad-Darbashiya (310)
Adh-Dhahiriya at-Tahta (350)
Al-Abbisiya (830) - [Kefar Szold]
Al-Amir (x) - [Amir]
Al-Buweiziya (510)
Al-Ghabbatiya (60)
Al-Ghuraba (200) - [Gonen]
Al-Hamra (730) - [Lehavot Habashan]
Al-Huseiniya (340)
Al-Khalisa (1840) - [Kiryat Shemona]
Al-Khisas (530) - [Ha-Gosherim]
Al-Madahil (1931:100) - [Kefar Szold]
Al-Malikiya (360) - [Malkiya ]
Al-Manara (490) - [Menara]
Al-Manshiya (1938: 362)
Al-Mansura (360) - [She'ar Yashuv]
Al-Muftakhira (350)
Al-Qeitiya (940) - [Beit Hilel]
Al-Ulmaniya (260)
Al-Waiziya (x)
Alma (950) - [Alma]
Ammuqa (140) - [Ammuqa]
An-Na'ima (1030) - [Kefar Blum]
Ar-Ras al-Ahmar (620)
- [Keren Ben Zimra]
Arab az-Zubeib
As-Salihiya (1520) - [Kefar Blum]
As-Sanbariya (130) - [Ma'ayan Barukh]
Ash-Shuna (170)
At-Tuleil - [Hulata]
Az-Zawiya (760) - [Ne'ot Mordekhai]
Az-Zuq al-Fauqani (160) - [Yuval]
Beisamun (20)
Biriya (240)
Dallata (360) - [Dalton]
Dawwara (700) - [Amir]
Deishum (590) - [Dishon]
Ein az-Zeitun (820) - [Ein Zeitim]
Fara (320)
Farradiya (670) - [Parod]
Fir'in (740) - [Hazor Ha-Gelilit]
Harrawi (x) - [Qeren]
Hunin (1620) - [Margaliyot]
Ja'una (1150) - [Rosh Pina]
Jahula (420)
Jubb Yusuf (170)
Kafr Bir'im (710)
Khan ad-Duweir (1938:150) - [Senir]
Khirbet al-Hiqab/Uqeiba (x)
Khirbet al-Muntar (x)
Khirbet as-Samman - [Shamir]
Khirbet Kharraza (x)
Khirbet Khati (x)
Khiyam al-Walid (280)
- [Lehavot Habashan]
Kirad al-Baqqara (360)
Kirad al-Ghannama (350)
- [Ayyelet Ha-Shahar]
Lazzaza (230) - [Beit Hilel]
Mallaha (890)
Mansurat al-Kheit (200)
- [Kefar Ha-Nasi]
Marus (80)
Meirun (290) - [Meron]
Mughr al-Kheit (940)
- [Hazor Ha-Gelilit]
Nabi Yusha' (70) - [Ramot Naftali]
Qabba'a (460)
Qadas (290)
Qaddita (240)
Safsaf (910) - [Sifsufa]
Saliha (1070) - [Yir'on]
Sammu'i (310) - [Kefar Shamma'i]
Sasa (1130) - [Sasa]
Shauqa at-Tahta (200) - [Dafna]
Teitaba (530) - [Dalton]
Yarda (20) - [Mishmar Ha-Yarden]
Zangharriya (840)
Zuq at-Tahtani (1050) - [Beit Hilel]
